KIVO Med
Respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation
From NADH and FADH₂ oxidation to the proton gradient, this course connects mitochondrial complexes with ATP synthesis, energetic yield, regulation, and mitochondrial disease.
- 36 explained questions
- 27 flashcards
- 142 estimated course minutes
Updated
What you will learn
- Locate the respiratory chain in the inner mitochondrial membrane and follow electrons from NADH or FADH₂ to oxygen.
- Compare the four complexes, their carriers, cofactors, and proton pumping.
- Explain Mitchell’s chemiosmotic hypothesis and the structural and functional role of ATP synthase.
- Estimate the yield of one NADH or FADH₂ and distinguish the two shuttles for cytosolic reducing equivalents.
- Recognize respiratory-chain inhibitors, uncouplers, and the main consequences of respiratory-chain abnormalities.
Course outline
A final pathway for cellular energy
Connect nutrient energy, the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and ATP formation.
9 min
Inputs and mitochondrial localization
Locate the chain in the mitochondrion and distinguish direct mitochondrial NADH entry from shuttle-mediated transfer.
14 min
Entry complexes: I and II
Compare electron entry through NADH or FADH₂ and the proton pumping associated with each complex.
17 min
From mobile carriers to the final acceptor
Follow electrons from coenzyme Q to oxygen and distinguish the actions of complexes III and IV.
18 min
The proton gradient and chemiosmotic coupling
Understand how proton pumping converts redox energy into a proton-motive force.
15 min
Complex V: a proton-driven ATP synthase
Distinguish the F₀ and F₁ sectors and relate proton flow to ATP synthesis.
15 min
Yield and redox balance
Relate redox potential, proton pumping, and the approximate yield of NADH and FADH₂.
20 min
Shuttles and the yield of cytosolic NADH
Explain how shuttles transfer cytosolic NADH reducing equivalents and modify the glucose balance.
16 min
Inhibitors, uncoupling, and mitochondrial diseases
Distinguish blocked electron flow, gradient dissipation, and the consequences of respiratory-chain defects.
18 min
Study and practise with KIVO Med
This preview shows the available content. Full courses, explanations and flashcards are available in the app with an account and access to the relevant programme. Prices and access terms are shown there.
Educational resources for medical studies; they do not replace your faculty’s teaching or medical advice.
In the same subject
Bioenergetics concepts
Understand how thermodynamic laws describe energy transformations, reaction coupling, electron transfer, and high-energy compounds.