KIVO Med
Embryonic annexes: placenta, amnion and umbilical cord
Describe the constitution, development and functions of the placenta, amnion, yolk sac, allantois and umbilical cord.
- 101 explained questions
- 39 flashcards
- 228 estimated course minutes
Updated
What you will learn
- Situate the embryonic annexes and their respiratory, nutritional and excretory functions.
- Follow placental-villus formation and recognize placental structure and exchanges.
- Describe the amnion, amniotic fluid and their physiological and diagnostic roles.
- Explain yolk-sac and allantois formation and functions.
- Identify umbilical-cord vascular structure and functions.
Course outline
Orientation: embryonic annexes
Situate the annexes that accompany the embryo and fetus and understand their general functions.
10 min
Chorionic sphere and placenta during week two
Relate trophoblast and underlying extraembryonic mesenchyme to uterolacunar circulation and primary-villus formation.
20 min
Secondary and tertiary villi during week three
Follow mesenchymal and then vascular invasion of the placental-villus axis.
20 min
Villus branching and the fetal cotyledon
Describe the cytotrophoblastic shell, intervillous chambers and vascular organization of a fetal cotyledon.
22 min
Placental structure and deciduae
Identify the three structural descriptors of the placenta and the three decidual territories around implantation.
20 min
Placental exchanges and functions
Understand the fetomaternal barrier and the placenta’s nutritional, respiratory, endocrine, immune and excretory functions.
18 min
Formation of the amnion and amniotic cavity
Describe the eighth-day amniotic cavity, its amnioblasts and continuity with the epiblast.
16 min
Amniotic fluid: physiology, composition and roles
Relate amniotic-fluid origin, renewal, composition and protective functions.
22 min
Amniotic-fluid fate and amniocentesis
Know peak volume, rupture of the amniotic sac and the diagnostic value of amniocentesis.
14 min
Yolk-sac formation and disappearance
Follow the two waves forming the yolk sac and progressive obliteration of the vitelline duct.
20 min
Vascular and germ-cell roles of the yolk sac
Relate the yolk sac to the first vascular islands and primordial-gonocyte differentiation.
14 min
Allantois formation, evolution and role
Follow allantois formation, its division after embryonic folding and its bladder, urethral and umbilical derivatives.
18 min
Umbilical-cord structure and role
Identify the cord as a connective-vascular stalk and distinguish the umbilical vein from the two arteries.
14 min
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