KIVO Med
The pharyngeal apparatus: arches, pouches and pharyngeal floor
Understand the transient pharyngeal apparatus and its craniofacial, cervical and thyroid derivatives.
- 35 explained questions
- 33 flashcards
- 210 estimated course minutes
Updated
What you will learn
- Describe the origin, organization and timing of pharyngeal-apparatus development.
- Associate each pharyngeal arch with its skeleton, muscles, nerve and artery.
- Relate ectodermal and endodermal pouches to their derivatives.
- Explain development of the pharyngeal floor, tongue and thyroid gland.
- Recognize the main branchial and thyroglossal malformations.
Course outline
Orientation: a transient developmental structure
Situate the pharyngeal apparatus, its pharyngeal-gut origin and the major derivatives it prepares.
10 min
Arch organization and mesenchymal origin
Identify the common composition of the pharyngeal arches, their mesenchymal origins and the two numbering conventions.
18 min
First arch: the mandibular arch
Relate the two portions of the first arch to its skeletal, muscular, neural and vascular derivatives.
24 min
Second arch: the hyoid arch
Recognize derivatives of Reichert cartilage, the facial muscles and the facial and stapedial pathways.
18 min
Third and fourth–sixth arches
Associate arches III and IV–VI with their hyoid, laryngeal, muscular, neural and vascular derivatives.
22 min
Ectodermal pouches
Follow the uneven development of the four external pouches and the transient formation of the cervical sinus.
16 min
First and second endodermal pouches
Relate the first two internal pouches to the middle ear, auditory tube and palatine tonsil.
18 min
Third, fourth and fifth endodermal pouches
Identify the thymic, parathyroid and ultimobranchial recesses and the thyroid C cells they produce.
20 min
Pharyngeal floor and tongue formation
Describe His mesobranchial field and relate its median masses to tongue and epiglottic territories.
20 min
Thyroid origin and migration
Follow the endodermal thyroid bud, its descent, the thyroglossal duct and the onset of hormone production.
22 min
Malformations and clinical synthesis
Recognize developmental anomalies of the pharyngeal apparatus and consolidate relationships among arches, pouches, tongue and thyroid.
22 min
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