KIVO Med
Glycolysis: from glucose to pyruvate
A ten-step cytosolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, produces ATP and NADH,H+, and adapts to the cell’s energy state.
- 68 explained questions
- 40 flashcards
- 130 estimated course minutes
Updated
What you will learn
- Locate glycolysis, distinguish its two phases, and establish its balance sheet.
- Link each of the ten reactions to its enzyme, reversibility, and energetic role.
- Explain the principal controls of the pathway and the fates of NADH,H+ and pyruvate.
- Interpret the consequences of erythrocyte pyruvate-kinase deficiency.
Course outline
A cytosolic crossroads from glucose to pyruvate
Before following its ten reactions, locate glycolysis in the cell and understand its two-phase logic.
12 min
Invest two ATP to prepare and split glucose
Five distinct reactions trap glucose, prepare its cleavage, and make both trioses converge on one intermediate.
22 min
Oxidize trioses and harvest their energy
The final five reactions oxidize each G3P, form one NADH,H+, and perform two substrate-level phosphorylations.
22 min
Establish the net balance of glycolysis
The balance distinguishes ATP spent, ATP produced, and reducing equivalents formed from one glucose.
12 min
Control glycolytic flux
Three irreversible reactions separately adjust glucose entry, pathway commitment, and output toward pyruvate.
22 min
Reoxidize NADH,H+ and direct pyruvate
NAD+ regeneration sustains glycolysis; cellular context then directs pyruvate toward fermentation or acetyl-CoA.
28 min
Erythrocyte pyruvate kinase deficiency
The red blood cell directly reveals how one glycolytic enzyme defect becomes energy failure and then haemolysis.
12 min
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